Breakfast Casserole · Veggie and Bread
Overnight Veggie Breakfast Casserole
Cubes of bread soak up a cheesy egg custard overnight with mushrooms, peppers and spinach. It bakes up puffy like a savory bread pudding with no meat needed.
- Prep
- 25 min
- Cook
- 50 min
- Total
- 1 hr 25 min
- Serves
- one 9x13 casserole
- Level
- Easy
Ingredients
- 1 tbsp olive oil
Swaps for olive oil
Instead of olive oil
- Avocado oil or another neutral oil: The same amount. No olive flavor; avocado oil handles higher heat.
- Butter: The same amount. Richer and nutty when browned.
- A neutral oil + more seasoning: The same amount. Dressings lose the fruity, peppery note; a little extra lemon, garlic or mustard makes up for it.
- 8 oz mushrooms, sliced
- 1 medium red bell pepper, diced
- 1 small onion, diced
Swaps for onion
Instead of onion
- Another onion: The same amount. Yellow is the all-rounder; white is sharper and crisper; red is milder raw and adds color; sweet onions are mildest.
- Shallots: The same amount, chopped. Milder and sweeter, with a hint of garlic.
- Leeks: About 1½ times as much, white and light green parts. Milder and softer when cooked.
- 3 cups baby spinach ≈ 90 g
- butter, for the dish
Swaps for butter
Instead of butter
- Plant-based butter sticks: The same amount. The closest swap.
- Refined coconut oil: The same amount: solid when the butter is soft or cold, melted when it is melted. It is all fat, so bakes are a bit more tender and rich, with no butter flavor.
- Vegetable oil: 3 tbsp oil for every 4 tbsp (¼ cup) melted butter. Cakes and muffins come out moister and stay soft longer, without a buttery taste.
Cooking for an allergy? Check every label.
- 8 cups crusty bread, cut into 1-inch cubes, a day old (about 12 oz)
- 1 ½ cups cheddar cheese, shredded, divided ≈ 170 g
Swaps for cheddar cheese
Instead of cheddar
- Colby or Colby Jack: The same amount. Milder and softer, and melts very smoothly.
- Monterey Jack: The same amount. Mild and buttery, one of the best melting cheeses.
- Gouda or Gruyère: The same amount. Nuttier and richer; melts beautifully.
- 9 large eggs
Swaps for eggs
Instead of eggs
- Flax egg: 1 tbsp ground flaxseed + 3 tbsp water for each egg. Binds well but gives less lift, so bakes are a little denser and flatter, with a mild nutty taste and brown flecks.
- Chia egg: 1 tbsp chia seeds + 3 tbsp water for each egg. Works like a flax egg: good binding, little lift, slightly denser crumb.
- Unsweetened applesauce: ¼ cup for each egg. Moister and denser, with a soft, slightly gummy crumb if you swap more than one egg.
Cooking for an allergy? Check every label.
- 2 ½ cups whole milk
Swaps for whole milk
Instead of milk
- Unsweetened soy milk: The same amount. The closest plant milk for baking: its protein helps things brown and set.
- Unsweetened oat milk: The same amount. Creamy and mild with a hint of sweetness.
- Unsweetened almond milk: The same amount. Thinner and less rich, so cakes are a little paler and drier.
Cooking for an allergy? Check every label.
- 1 tsp kosher salt
Swaps for kosher salt
Instead of salt
- Table salt or fine sea salt: About half as much as Diamond Crystal kosher, about ¾ as much as Morton kosher. The same saltiness when measured this way.
- Salt by weight: 1 tsp is about 6 grams of table salt, 5 grams of Morton kosher, 3 grams of Diamond Crystal kosher. The most reliable way to swap, especially in baking and brines.
- ½ tsp black pepper
- 1 tsp dried thyme, or Italian seasoning
Swaps for dried thyme
Instead of thyme
- Fresh thyme: 1 tbsp chopped fresh for each 1 tsp dried (three times as much). Brighter and more lemony.
- Italian seasoning or dried marjoram: The same amount. Close; Italian seasoning adds oregano and basil.
Different pan? Written for 9x13-inch rectangle; rescale the amounts for an 8x8, 9x13, round, loaf or sheet pan.
Cooking for a crowd? Pans, timing and salt for 12 to 50.
Missing something? Tap Swaps next to an ingredient, or see all substitutions.
Cook to 160°F inside (check with a thermometer).
Steps
Kid helper. A child can do steps 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9: no knife, no heat. Steps marked “Grown-up” use a knife or heat. Cooking with kids
- Heat the oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat. Add the mushrooms, bell pepper and onion.Grown-up: heat
- Cook, stirring now and then, until the mushrooms have given off their liquid and it has cooked away.⏱ Cook vegetables: 8 minGrown-up: heat
- Add the spinach and stir until it wilts. Take the pan off the heat and let it cool for a few minutes.⏱ Wilt spinach: 1 minGrown-up: heat
- Kid stepa 9x13 baking dish.
Butter (how to grease and flour a pan)
Grease and flour a pan Coat a pan with fat (and sometimes flour) so baked goods release cleanly. 1. Rub a thin layer of soft butter or shortening into every corner with a paper towel, or use baking spray.2. For cakes, add a spoonful of flour, tilt and tap the pan until it is coated.3. Turn the pan over and tap out the extra flour.4. For chocolate cakes, use cocoa instead of flour so there is no white film. Done when: Every surface, corners included, is lightly coated with no bare spots or thick clumps. How to grease and flour a baking pan: mistakes to avoid - Spread half the bread cubes in the dish. Top with half the vegetables and half of the cheese.Kid step
- Add the rest of the bread, then the rest of the vegetables. Keep the last of the cheese for the top.Kid step
- Kid stepthe eggs in a large bowl until smooth, then whisk in the milk, salt, pepper and thyme.
Whisk (how to whisk)
Whisk Beat ingredients with a whisk to mix them smoothly or to add air. 1. Use a bowl big enough to whisk without splashing; set it on a damp towel to stop it spinning.2. Hold the whisk loosely and move it in quick circles or side to side, touching the bottom.3. For lumpy mixtures, add liquid a little at a time and whisk after each.4. For sauces on the stove, keep the whisk moving across the whole bottom of the pan. Done when: The mixture is even with no lumps or streaks of egg. How to whisk: mistakes to avoid - Pour the custard evenly over the bread, then press the bread down with a spatula so every cube gets wet. Sprinkle on the remaining cheese.Kid step
- Cover and refrigerate overnight (at least 4 hours) so the bread soaks up the custard.Kid step
- Heat the oven to 350°F (175°C) and set the casserole on the counter while it heats.350°FGrown-up: heat
- Bake uncovered until puffed and golden and the center is set, with no liquid egg when you press a knife into the middle. The center should read 160°F (71°C).350°F⏱ Bake: 50 minGrown-up: knife, heat
- Let it⏱ Rest: 10 minGrown-up: knife, heatbefore cutting.
rest (how to rest)
Rest Leave cooked meat, baked goods or dough alone for a while before you cut, slice or shape it. 1. Move meat to a board or plate as soon as it is done (a few degrees shy of target for big roasts; it keeps rising).2. Tent it loosely with foil if the kitchen is cool.3. Rest steaks and chops 5 minutes, roasts 15 to 20, a turkey 30.4. For dough, cover it so it doesn't dry out while it relaxes. Done when: Meat juices stay in when you slice; dough rolls out without springing back. Safety: Rest at room temperature for under an hour, then refrigerate leftovers within 2 hours of cooking.How to rest meat and dough: mistakes to avoid
Tap an underlined word for how to do it, or see all techniques.
Tips
- If the top browns before the center is set, lay a sheet of foil loosely over it.
- Swap in any cooked vegetables you have: broccoli, zucchini or roasted peppers.
Storage
Refrigerate leftovers up to 4 days. Reheat to 165°F (74°C) in the microwave or a 350°F oven.
Make ahead
Assemble and refrigerate up to 24 hours before baking.
How long leftovers keep, and freezing and reheating: leftovers and storage. In season: bell peppers (July to October), spinach (March to May and September to November).
Quick answers
- Can I make it ahead?
Assemble and refrigerate up to 24 hours before baking.
Answered from this recipe's own storage, make-ahead and swap notes.
Estimated nutrition per serving
- Calories
- 360 1,510 kJ
- Protein
- 20 g
- Carbohydrates
- 30 g
- Fiber
- 2 g
- Sugars
- 8 g
- Fat
- 18 g
- Saturated fat
- 8 g
- Sodium
- 740 mg
Whole recipe, 8 servings: about 2,880 calories.
Estimate from USDA FoodData Central; not medical or dietary advice. Based on 12 of 12 ingredients.
How we estimate
We add up USDA FoodData Central values for each measured ingredient as written and divide by the recipe's 8 servings, so changing the servings or units here doesn't change a serving. Brands, swaps, trimming and cooking all change the real numbers.
Not counted: butter (to taste or as needed).
Estimated cost
About $1.50 a serving
About $12.00 for the recipe as written (8 servings).
Estimate; prices vary by store and region. U.S. average prices for September 2026 from BLS Average Price Data and USDA ERS Purchase to Plate prices updated with the BLS Consumer Price Index. Priced: 9 of 12 ingredients, 100% by weight.
How we estimate
Each measured ingredient is weighed as in the nutrition estimate and priced at the U.S. average: BLS's average price where BLS publishes one, else USDA ERS's Purchase to Plate price for 2017-18 raised to September 2026 with the CPI for that food group. Whole packages, store brands, sales and regions all change the real cost: treat it as a ballpark.
- crusty bread $2.55 ERS
- mushrooms $2.45 ERS
- cheddar cheese $2.30 BLS
- eggs $1.70 BLS
- baby spinach $1.10 ERS
- red bell pepper $0.85 ERS
- whole milk $0.65 BLS
- onion $0.25 ERS
- olive oil $0.20 ERS
Not priced (no official average price we can match, so not in the total): kosher salt, black pepper, dried thyme.
Not counted: butter (optional, or to taste).
More dishes for less: cheap eats.
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Gear for this recipe
- See price on Amazon: 9x13 baking dish (opens Amazon)
- See price on Amazon: 12-inch stainless skillet (opens Amazon)
- See price on Amazon: 8-inch chef's knife (opens Amazon)
- See price on Amazon: Large cutting board (opens Amazon)
- See price on Amazon: Nesting mixing bowls (opens Amazon)
- See price on Amazon: Balloon whisk (opens Amazon)
- See price on Amazon: Instant-read thermometer (opens Amazon)
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Cleanup score 3/5 (some cleanup): 3 things to wash, 9x13 baking dish, stainless skillet, mixing bowl.
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