Salt and spices

Red pepper flakes: what they are, how to pick and store them

Crushed dried chiles with their seeds: heat without much else, for pasta, pizza, stir-fries and sauces.

How to pick them

Start with a pinch and taste: brands differ a lot in heat.

How to store them

Keep it in a closed jar away from heat, steam and light (not above the stove). Ground spices fade with time: if it smells faint, it will taste faint, so use a little more or replace it.

Out of red pepper flakes? What to use instead

  • Cayenne: About half as much. Even heat throughout, no flakes.
  • Hot sauce or chili crisp: To taste. Hot sauce adds vinegar; chili crisp adds crunch and oil.
  • A fresh hot chile: Half a jalapeño or serrano for each ½ tsp. Fresh, green heat.

Swaps for red pepper flakes, with what changes

Recipes with red pepper flakes (27)

More recipes with red pepper flakes

More salt and spices

SaltBlack pepperGarlic powderCuminCinnamonPaprikaNutmegCayenneChili powderAll 60 ingredient guides

Pick and store tips are in our own words. Storage times and safe temperatures are only shown where a U.S. government source gives them, named on each line; for anything not listed here, see USDA's FoodKeeper app.