Shepherd's Pie · Beef (Cottage Pie)
Cheddar-Topped Beef Cottage Pie
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Before you start
Gather your ingredients
Swaps for unsalted butter
Instead of butter
- Salted butter: The same amount, with about ¼ tsp less salt per stick (½ cup) elsewhere in the recipe. Nothing noticeable once you cut the salt.
- Plant-based butter sticks: The same amount. The closest swap.
- Refined coconut oil: The same amount: solid when the butter is soft or cold, melted when it is melted. It is all fat, so bakes are a bit more tender and rich, with no butter flavor.
Cooking for an allergy? Check every label.
Swaps for whole milk
Instead of milk
- Unsweetened soy milk: The same amount. The closest plant milk for baking: its protein helps things brown and set.
- Unsweetened oat milk: The same amount. Creamy and mild with a hint of sweetness.
- Unsweetened almond milk: The same amount. Thinner and less rich, so cakes are a little paler and drier.
Cooking for an allergy? Check every label.
Swaps for cheddar cheese
Instead of cheddar
- Colby or Colby Jack: The same amount. Milder and softer, and melts very smoothly.
- Monterey Jack: The same amount. Mild and buttery, one of the best melting cheeses.
- Gouda or Gruyère: The same amount. Nuttier and richer; melts beautifully.
Swaps for kosher salt
Instead of salt
- Table salt or fine sea salt: About half as much as Diamond Crystal kosher, about ¾ as much as Morton kosher. The same saltiness when measured this way.
- Salt by weight: 1 tsp is about 6 grams of table salt, 5 grams of Morton kosher, 3 grams of Diamond Crystal kosher. The most reliable way to swap, especially in baking and brines.
Swaps for vegetable oil
Instead of vegetable oil
- Another neutral oil: The same amount. No difference.
- Melted butter: The same amount. Richer, buttery flavor; cakes are a little less moist and firmer once cool.
- Light olive oil: The same amount. "Light" olive oil tastes mild.
Swaps for onion
Instead of onion
- Another onion: The same amount. Yellow is the all-rounder; white is sharper and crisper; red is milder raw and adds color; sweet onions are mildest.
- Shallots: The same amount, chopped. Milder and sweeter, with a hint of garlic.
- Leeks: About 1½ times as much, white and light green parts. Milder and softer when cooked.
Swaps for ground beef
Instead of ground beef
- Ground turkey or chicken: The same weight. Leaner and milder; burgers and meatballs are a bit drier.
- Ground pork: The same weight. Richer and slightly sweet.
- Plant-based ground: The same weight. Close in tacos and sauces; cooks faster.
Cook ground beef and pork to 160°F (71°C) and ground turkey or chicken to 165°F (74°C).
Swaps for garlic
Instead of garlic
- Garlic powder: ⅛ tsp for each clove. Mellower and sweeter, with no bite.
- Jarred minced garlic: ½ tsp for each clove. Milder and slightly sour from the preserving liquid.
Swaps for tomato paste
Instead of tomato paste
- Tomato sauce or passata: 3 tbsp for each 1 tbsp paste. Lighter, fresher tomato flavor.
- Ketchup: The same amount. Sweeter and vinegary; fine for a tablespoon or two.
Swaps for cornstarch
Instead of cornstarch
- All-purpose flour: 2 tbsp flour for each 1 tbsp cornstarch. Sauces turn cloudy instead of glossy and a bit heavier.
- Arrowroot: The same amount. Very clear and glossy; can turn slimy in dairy sauces.
- Potato starch: The same amount. Thickens fast with a clear gloss; don't boil it long.
Cooking for an allergy? Check every label.
Swaps for beef broth
Instead of broth
- Vegetable broth: The same amount. Lighter and slightly sweeter.
- Chicken broth: The same amount. Richer and more savory; not vegetarian.
- Bouillon cube, powder or paste + water: Follow the label for the amount of liquid. Close in flavor; a little saltier.
Swaps for worcestershire sauce
Instead of Worcestershire sauce
- Soy sauce + vinegar: 1 tbsp soy sauce + ¼ tsp vinegar + a pinch of sugar for each 1 tbsp. Savory and tangy, less complex.
- Vegan Worcestershire: The same amount. Very close, with no anchovies.
Swaps for dried thyme
Instead of thyme
- Fresh thyme: 1 tbsp chopped fresh for each 1 tsp dried (three times as much). Brighter and more lemony.
- Italian seasoning or dried marjoram: The same amount. Close; Italian seasoning adds oregano and basil.
Swaps for kosher salt
Instead of salt
- Table salt or fine sea salt: About half as much as Diamond Crystal kosher, about ¾ as much as Morton kosher. The same saltiness when measured this way.
- Salt by weight: 1 tsp is about 6 grams of table salt, 5 grams of Morton kosher, 3 grams of Diamond Crystal kosher. The most reliable way to swap, especially in baking and brines.
Step 1 of 15
Put the potatoes in a large saucepan, cover with cold water by 1 inch and add a big pinch of salt.
Step 2 of 15
Bring to a , then until a fork slides in easily.
boil (how to boil)
Boil Heat liquid until big bubbles rise and break all over the surface. 1. Use a pot big enough that the water fills it no more than three quarters.2. Cover it to boil faster, over high heat.3. Salt pasta or vegetable water once it boils.4. Add the food, stir, and bring it back to a boil before you start timing. Done when: A rolling boil keeps bubbling hard even when you stir. Safety: Turn pot handles toward the back of the stove, and drain pasta into a colander in the sink, pouring away from you. Steam burns fast: lift lids and foil away from your face, tipping the far edge up first.How to boil water for pasta and vegetables: mistakes to avoidsimmer (how to simmer)
Simmer Cook liquid just below a boil, with small bubbles breaking the surface now and then. 1. Bring the liquid up over medium-high heat.2. As soon as bubbles rise steadily, turn the heat down.3. Adjust until only a few small bubbles break the surface every second or two.4. Stir now and then and check that it hasn't crept back to a boil. Done when: You see lazy, small bubbles, not a rolling boil. A "bare" simmer has just a bubble here and there. Safety: Steam burns fast: lift lids and foil away from your face, tipping the far edge up first.How to simmer: mistakes to avoidStep 3 of 15
Heat the oven to 400°F.
400°F
Step 4 of 15
Drain the potatoes and return them to the pot. Mash with the butter, warm milk, 1/2 cup of the cheddar and 1 tsp salt until smooth.
Step 5 of 15
Heat the oil in a large oven-safe skillet over medium heat. Add the onion and cook until soft.
Step 6 of 15
Add the beef, turn the heat to medium-high and break it into small crumbles with a wooden spoon.
Step 7 of 15
Cook until no pink remains and the beef reaches 160°F (71°C). Spoon off any extra fat.
160°F
Step 8 of 15
Stir in the garlic and tomato paste and cook until fragrant.
Step 9 of 15
Stir the cornstarch into the broth, then pour it into the skillet with the Worcestershire, thyme, salt and pepper.
Step 10 of 15
Simmer (how to simmer)
Simmer Cook liquid just below a boil, with small bubbles breaking the surface now and then. 1. Bring the liquid up over medium-high heat.2. As soon as bubbles rise steadily, turn the heat down.3. Adjust until only a few small bubbles break the surface every second or two.4. Stir now and then and check that it hasn't crept back to a boil. Done when: You see lazy, small bubbles, not a rolling boil. A "bare" simmer has just a bubble here and there. Safety: Steam burns fast: lift lids and foil away from your face, tipping the far edge up first.How to simmer: mistakes to avoidStep 11 of 15
Stir in the frozen peas and carrots and the corn, then take the pan off the heat. If your skillet isn't oven-safe, spread the filling in a 9x13 dish.
Step 12 of 15
Spread the potatoes over the filling all the way to the edges and sprinkle the remaining 1/2 cup cheddar on top.
Step 13 of 15
Set the skillet on a sheet pan to catch drips.
Step 14 of 15
Bake until the cheese is golden and the filling bubbles at the edges.
400°F
Step 15 of 15
Let it before serving.
rest (how to rest)
Rest Leave cooked meat, baked goods or dough alone for a while before you cut, slice or shape it. 1. Move meat to a board or plate as soon as it is done (a few degrees shy of target for big roasts; it keeps rising).2. Tent it loosely with foil if the kitchen is cool.3. Rest steaks and chops 5 minutes, roasts 15 to 20, a turkey 30.4. For dough, cover it so it doesn't dry out while it relaxes. Done when: Meat juices stay in when you slice; dough rolls out without springing back. Safety: Rest at room temperature for under an hour, then refrigerate leftovers within 2 hours of cooking.How to rest meat and dough: mistakes to avoidAll done
Enjoy!
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